Africa Era Begins
Africa's economy is entering a new phase with the beginning of the 2000s. The continent's economy grew 4.9% from 2000-2008. This is a record. This performance is obtained from the 1980-1990 period, more than 2 times. The population of 1 billion and rising household spending in Africa. For the global corporation this is new competitive market. Telecommunications, banking, retail, agriculture sectors, and oil, and underground sources are the most important and primary sectors.
1- How increased economy?
Increase in oil prices in the early 2000s and then African economies began to grow. Rising oil prices while economies share of states for political and economic reforms in the macro and micro balances economic has made great strides. Domestic turmoil prevented. Because political stability has to be for welfare. Also avoided the high inflation rates. External debt decreased and budget deficits has been minimized. Governments wanted to increase competition. Privatized state-based initiatives.
Trade barriers were reduced. Corporate tax was reduced and allows the formation of private enterprise. All these, African working class in the last 10 years productivity has increased 2.7%. Most importantly, Africa have become popular for global companies.
2- Why global companies are tending to Africa?
The most important reason for the oil and natural resources. Africa, provide 10 % oil demand and this continent provide 12 % natural gas demand all over the world. In addition the gas and natural gas, Africa has got 40 % hydroelectric potential. Also, Africa is rich in minerals used in industry.
And these numbers are determine Africa: Large proportion of diamonds and chromium, 50% of gold, 90% of cobalt, 50% of phosphate.
3- Which dynamics are essential in the continents?
Africa had the disease and poverty. For the corporations Africa has got oil as well as they have got population power. Africa's population of 1 billion. This is mean: Huge market place. Now, Africa's population 40 % subsist with $ 1 a day. And, 60 % of spending $ 2 per day. These numbers are very low. But it will be increase. This is forecast and conjuncture. Consumption is rising and economies are rising economies. Production is most important for growth. Commodities and natural resources (diamonds, gold, copper, oil) are not enough. Infrastructure required for production. Infrastructures in African countries began to completion. Now, Africa does not have high inflation.
The foreign exchange markets aren't pose a problem. Finally, there is a young and dynamic population. This is increasing.
4- North, South, Central Africa
The dynamics of the Republic of South Africa, mainly in Africa with the countries of North Africa into Central and West Africa shows that the difference between sub-Saharan countries. For example, there is poverty in the Republic of South Africa, but income per capital of over $ 10 thousand. The continent's center for global companies. Currently there is political confusion. But investors previously discovered. The great competition for global companies: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Mozambique. In general, sub-Saharan regions.
5- Why sub-Saharan region?
This region is attractive in terms of the number of countries. There are 54 countries on the African continent. And there are 45 countries in this region. 80% of the total population in the sub-Saharan. In this region of Nigeria with a population of 145 million. The others 7 countries middle. They have got approximately 20 - 30 million population. And then 12 countries have got approximately 15 - 20 million population. The last 25 countries have got approximately 10 million population.
North Africa and sub-Saharan region have got many investment. Because it is cheap labor area.
Rich in raw materials but technology and industry are poor . The region, construction, textile, food, infrastructure and mining sectors, fruit processing have high potential. International investors are interested in this region. Sub - Saharan region have high growth rates in the last 5 years. Consumption expenditure 860 billion dollars would be a good sign of the continent's future.
6- Which kinds of sectors in what there are opportunities?
You must join the African market and the future of early predictive. After 2 years the market will be hard and difficult. Early time is great opportunity. There are shortcomings in each industry. Processed food, construction materials, plastic household goods, textile products and all of the material consumption. There are high demand products. Now, all the products on the market are imported. In the Africa, economy will be develop and requirement will be increase. For example, hospital and shopping center investments in high potential. Region is a major agricultural producer for the textile industry to make products more attractive to cost-effectively as possible. Africa has lower production costs for many sectors, not only in textiles. For this reason,it is possible to realize in a short time. And for the safari tourism this region is convenient. Wildlife tourism is great potential.
7- Banking Sector in Africa?
There is intense competition in the banking sector. Sub-Saharan region is leader for banking. Nigeria is the most powerful country in the Africa. Investments in branch, investment in ATM and payment systems...In the Africa many acquisitions happened. Chinese, ICBC bought 20 % to Standart Bank of South Africa.
Recently, In the Nigeria, Tanzania, Kenya, Ghana has been mergers in the banking sector and acquisitions. Banking continues to evolve. Bank rate of 10 % levels. Banks remote settlements and strict banking rules. The main issue banks provide loans for agricultural companies. Lebanon, Egypt and Libya to develop the banking sector.
8- Africa's developing long-term ?
African economy has been briskly economy for 10 years. Increase in the oil economy grew in 1970. Then the economy fell by a reduction in oil prices. Currently the development permanently. The world's oil reserves 10%, gold reserves 40 % in Africa. For the African trade the majority of oil and gold. 5 thousand of dollars in revenue over the next 10 years and 128 million households and in 2030, 18 the largest cities will spent 1.3 trillion. Such as China and India, Africa will consist of a middle class. 2040 is predicted 1.1 billion on increased labor. This is equal the China and India labor force. Gross national product will be 2.6 trillion dollars.
9- What are the opportunities for distribution and retail sector?
Africa's most live sectors of wholesale and retail sector. After the natural resources this sector has a 13% share from production. Saray Biscuits exports to Turkey from Africa. And the world's largest retail chain ‘’ Walmart ‘’ purchased South African retail chain ‘’ Massmart ‘’. This acquisition was 4.5 billion dollars.
Walmart purchase the Massmart. This is big business. Walmart began the market which have 13 the largest economy in Africa sub-Saharan countries.
10- How large is the market we are talking about?
Africa's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $ 1.6 trillion. Africa has close-range to the size of the economy with the economies of Brazil and Russia. 860 billion dollars in consumer spending. It is few but it is about population. In 2020 Africa's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will be 2.6 trillion dollars. Consumption will rise to $ 1.4 trillion in spending. And the most important issue is workers number. In 2030 the people of Africa will live in cities. Household spending will increase and the middle class will emerge. One of the most important dynamics of the continent's agricultural sector.
There are currently producing an annual average of $ 280 billion. Production will be 880 billion dollars in 2030. If the size of the natural resources of $ 430 billion will rise to $ 540 billion in 2020.
Banking Sector
* Risks
- Weak economies
- Concentrated in specific areas of competition
- Complex enterprise infrastructures.
- There are political risks but it is not affecting financial institutions
- Open the branches in rural area. And insufficient number of ATMs
- Innovative non-operating systems
- Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) do not business with banks
- Lack of trained people
- Insufficient capital accumulation
- Weak institutional infrastructures
- There is insecurity
* Opportunities
- Weak competitive environment.
- Low investment costs
- Growing economies
- Increase the wealthy consumers
- Investments in technology
- Increase in trained workforce
- Positive developments in sub-structure
- Specializing in banking
Payment Systems
* Risks
- Dispersed structure of the sectors, dominated by the traditional layout
- Weakness of the institutional infrastructures
- Insufficient investments in technology
- Inadequate skilled work force
- Sensitive political structure
- Organized structure is poor
* Opportunities
- High potential
- Rising in consumer spending
- Increasing the urbanization
- Increased competition in the sector
- Development of institutional structures
- Emerging and growing markets
- Instant-return in the investments
- Weak technological infrastructure
Retail Sector
* Risks
- Weak institutional structures
- Low levels of education
- Lower consumer spending
- Dispersed to the supply chains
- Lack of strategy
- Sensitive political structure
* Opportunities
- High potential
- High profitability
- High rate of investment return
- Weak competition
- Young population
- Low cost
The largest 15 banks in sub-Saharan Africa Countries ($ million)
Africa will determine the future
Some of the Africa countries Population and Gross National Product (GNP)
* Tunisia
- Population: 10.3 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 8.385
* Libya
- Population: 6.4 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 18.214
* Egypt
- Population: 83 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 5.658
* Sudan
- Population: 43.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 2.264
* Ethiopia
- Population: 85.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 700
* Somalia
- Population: 9.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 600
* Rwanda
- Population: 10.4 Million
* Kenya
- Population: 39.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.596
* Tanzania
- Population: 40.3 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.545
* Mozambique
- Population: 1.6 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 352
* Madagascar
- Population: 21 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 276
* Republic of South Africa
- Population: 48.7 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 10.100
* Angola
- Population: 18 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 4.468
* Cameroon
- Population: 19.5 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 2.143
* Benin
- Population: 8.9 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.500
* Ghana
- Population: 23.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.533
* Senegal
- Population: 12.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.779
* Nigeria
- Population: 149.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.910
Which countries are the most investment?
Africa's economy is entering a new phase with the beginning of the 2000s. The continent's economy grew 4.9% from 2000-2008. This is a record. This performance is obtained from the 1980-1990 period, more than 2 times. The population of 1 billion and rising household spending in Africa. For the global corporation this is new competitive market. Telecommunications, banking, retail, agriculture sectors, and oil, and underground sources are the most important and primary sectors.
1- How increased economy?
Increase in oil prices in the early 2000s and then African economies began to grow. Rising oil prices while economies share of states for political and economic reforms in the macro and micro balances economic has made great strides. Domestic turmoil prevented. Because political stability has to be for welfare. Also avoided the high inflation rates. External debt decreased and budget deficits has been minimized. Governments wanted to increase competition. Privatized state-based initiatives.
Trade barriers were reduced. Corporate tax was reduced and allows the formation of private enterprise. All these, African working class in the last 10 years productivity has increased 2.7%. Most importantly, Africa have become popular for global companies.
2- Why global companies are tending to Africa?
The most important reason for the oil and natural resources. Africa, provide 10 % oil demand and this continent provide 12 % natural gas demand all over the world. In addition the gas and natural gas, Africa has got 40 % hydroelectric potential. Also, Africa is rich in minerals used in industry.
And these numbers are determine Africa: Large proportion of diamonds and chromium, 50% of gold, 90% of cobalt, 50% of phosphate.
3- Which dynamics are essential in the continents?
Africa had the disease and poverty. For the corporations Africa has got oil as well as they have got population power. Africa's population of 1 billion. This is mean: Huge market place. Now, Africa's population 40 % subsist with $ 1 a day. And, 60 % of spending $ 2 per day. These numbers are very low. But it will be increase. This is forecast and conjuncture. Consumption is rising and economies are rising economies. Production is most important for growth. Commodities and natural resources (diamonds, gold, copper, oil) are not enough. Infrastructure required for production. Infrastructures in African countries began to completion. Now, Africa does not have high inflation.
The foreign exchange markets aren't pose a problem. Finally, there is a young and dynamic population. This is increasing.
4- North, South, Central Africa
The dynamics of the Republic of South Africa, mainly in Africa with the countries of North Africa into Central and West Africa shows that the difference between sub-Saharan countries. For example, there is poverty in the Republic of South Africa, but income per capital of over $ 10 thousand. The continent's center for global companies. Currently there is political confusion. But investors previously discovered. The great competition for global companies: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Mozambique. In general, sub-Saharan regions.
5- Why sub-Saharan region?
This region is attractive in terms of the number of countries. There are 54 countries on the African continent. And there are 45 countries in this region. 80% of the total population in the sub-Saharan. In this region of Nigeria with a population of 145 million. The others 7 countries middle. They have got approximately 20 - 30 million population. And then 12 countries have got approximately 15 - 20 million population. The last 25 countries have got approximately 10 million population.
North Africa and sub-Saharan region have got many investment. Because it is cheap labor area.
Rich in raw materials but technology and industry are poor . The region, construction, textile, food, infrastructure and mining sectors, fruit processing have high potential. International investors are interested in this region. Sub - Saharan region have high growth rates in the last 5 years. Consumption expenditure 860 billion dollars would be a good sign of the continent's future.
6- Which kinds of sectors in what there are opportunities?
You must join the African market and the future of early predictive. After 2 years the market will be hard and difficult. Early time is great opportunity. There are shortcomings in each industry. Processed food, construction materials, plastic household goods, textile products and all of the material consumption. There are high demand products. Now, all the products on the market are imported. In the Africa, economy will be develop and requirement will be increase. For example, hospital and shopping center investments in high potential. Region is a major agricultural producer for the textile industry to make products more attractive to cost-effectively as possible. Africa has lower production costs for many sectors, not only in textiles. For this reason,it is possible to realize in a short time. And for the safari tourism this region is convenient. Wildlife tourism is great potential.
7- Banking Sector in Africa?
There is intense competition in the banking sector. Sub-Saharan region is leader for banking. Nigeria is the most powerful country in the Africa. Investments in branch, investment in ATM and payment systems...In the Africa many acquisitions happened. Chinese, ICBC bought 20 % to Standart Bank of South Africa.
Recently, In the Nigeria, Tanzania, Kenya, Ghana has been mergers in the banking sector and acquisitions. Banking continues to evolve. Bank rate of 10 % levels. Banks remote settlements and strict banking rules. The main issue banks provide loans for agricultural companies. Lebanon, Egypt and Libya to develop the banking sector.
8- Africa's developing long-term ?
African economy has been briskly economy for 10 years. Increase in the oil economy grew in 1970. Then the economy fell by a reduction in oil prices. Currently the development permanently. The world's oil reserves 10%, gold reserves 40 % in Africa. For the African trade the majority of oil and gold. 5 thousand of dollars in revenue over the next 10 years and 128 million households and in 2030, 18 the largest cities will spent 1.3 trillion. Such as China and India, Africa will consist of a middle class. 2040 is predicted 1.1 billion on increased labor. This is equal the China and India labor force. Gross national product will be 2.6 trillion dollars.
9- What are the opportunities for distribution and retail sector?
Africa's most live sectors of wholesale and retail sector. After the natural resources this sector has a 13% share from production. Saray Biscuits exports to Turkey from Africa. And the world's largest retail chain ‘’ Walmart ‘’ purchased South African retail chain ‘’ Massmart ‘’. This acquisition was 4.5 billion dollars.
Walmart purchase the Massmart. This is big business. Walmart began the market which have 13 the largest economy in Africa sub-Saharan countries.
10- How large is the market we are talking about?
Africa's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $ 1.6 trillion. Africa has close-range to the size of the economy with the economies of Brazil and Russia. 860 billion dollars in consumer spending. It is few but it is about population. In 2020 Africa's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will be 2.6 trillion dollars. Consumption will rise to $ 1.4 trillion in spending. And the most important issue is workers number. In 2030 the people of Africa will live in cities. Household spending will increase and the middle class will emerge. One of the most important dynamics of the continent's agricultural sector.
There are currently producing an annual average of $ 280 billion. Production will be 880 billion dollars in 2030. If the size of the natural resources of $ 430 billion will rise to $ 540 billion in 2020.
Banking Sector
* Risks
- Weak economies
- Concentrated in specific areas of competition
- Complex enterprise infrastructures.
- There are political risks but it is not affecting financial institutions
- Open the branches in rural area. And insufficient number of ATMs
- Innovative non-operating systems
- Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) do not business with banks
- Lack of trained people
- Insufficient capital accumulation
- Weak institutional infrastructures
- There is insecurity
* Opportunities
- Weak competitive environment.
- Low investment costs
- Growing economies
- Increase the wealthy consumers
- Investments in technology
- Increase in trained workforce
- Positive developments in sub-structure
- Specializing in banking
Payment Systems
* Risks
- Dispersed structure of the sectors, dominated by the traditional layout
- Weakness of the institutional infrastructures
- Insufficient investments in technology
- Inadequate skilled work force
- Sensitive political structure
- Organized structure is poor
* Opportunities
- High potential
- Rising in consumer spending
- Increasing the urbanization
- Increased competition in the sector
- Development of institutional structures
- Emerging and growing markets
- Instant-return in the investments
- Weak technological infrastructure
Retail Sector
* Risks
- Weak institutional structures
- Low levels of education
- Lower consumer spending
- Dispersed to the supply chains
- Lack of strategy
- Sensitive political structure
* Opportunities
- High potential
- High profitability
- High rate of investment return
- Weak competition
- Young population
- Low cost
The largest 15 banks in sub-Saharan Africa Countries ($ million)
| Bank Name | Management Center | Active Asset | Pre-tax Profit |
| Standart Bank Group | South Africa | 174.920 | 3.523 |
| FisrtRand Banking Group | South Africa | 76.901 | 2.010 |
| NedBank | South Africa | 71.454 | 1.319 |
| Investec | South Africa | 46.813 | 835 |
| Intercontinental | Nigeria | 11.781 | 377 |
| Access Bank | Nigeria | 10.055 | 160 |
| United Bank of Africa | Nigeria | 9.979 | 202 |
| Oceanic Bank | Nigeria | 8.265 | 183 |
| Zenith Bank | Nigeria | 8.716 | 202 |
| First Bank of Nigeria | Nigeria | 6.885 | 192 |
| Ecobank Transnational | Togo | 6.555 | 191 |
| Guaranty Trust Bank | Nigeria | 6.225 | 232 |
| Union Bank of Nigeria | Nigeria | 5.460 | 136 |
| Mauritius Commercial Bank | Mauritius | 3.479 | 98 |
| Platinum-Habib Bank | Nigeria | 3.001 | 81 |
Africa will determine the future
Some of the Africa countries Population and Gross National Product (GNP)
* Tunisia
- Population: 10.3 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 8.385
* Libya
- Population: 6.4 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 18.214
* Egypt
- Population: 83 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 5.658
* Sudan
- Population: 43.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 2.264
* Ethiopia
- Population: 85.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 700
* Somalia
- Population: 9.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 600
* Rwanda
- Population: 10.4 Million
* Kenya
- Population: 39.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.596
* Tanzania
- Population: 40.3 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.545
* Mozambique
- Population: 1.6 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 352
* Madagascar
- Population: 21 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 276
* Republic of South Africa
- Population: 48.7 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 10.100
* Angola
- Population: 18 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 4.468
* Cameroon
- Population: 19.5 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 2.143
* Benin
- Population: 8.9 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.500
* Ghana
- Population: 23.8 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.533
* Senegal
- Population: 12.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.779
* Nigeria
- Population: 149.2 Million
- Gross National Product (GNP): $ 1.910
Which countries are the most investment?
| Countries | Billions of Dollars |
| Nigeria | 20,3 |
| Angola | 15,5 |
| Egypt | 9,5 |
| Republic of South Africa | 9,0 |
| Libya | 4,1 |
| Tunisia | 2,8 |
| Algeria | 2,6 |
| Congo | 2,6 |
| Sudan | 2,6 |
| Morocco | 2,4 |
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