Women's work and
earn money these are the first step of freedom. We live in global times and
everybody can contribute to economy. Women are important for business life.
Today, almost half of the world's population (49.7%) is women.[1]
Women's participation in economic life with the beneficial effect of social
economic development is not directly proportional. Women's participation in
working life, education, work experience, a desire to succeed, work
determination etc assess by looking at issues in society, as individuals, are
useful in the event of the independent status of the family. Our very important
here who is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk have significant sentence for women: "I
must believe at this, everything we see in this world is the work of a
woman." This sentence explains everything because I am writing about women
can be business life and their ability manages it. But Atatürk’s sentence proof
that women can do all. European Union regulations and practices within the
scope of the process, the women's movement in Turkey made a significant
contribution in terms of reaching a better position. There are some reasons for
why ladies are being secondary position. I want to write 4 fundamental reasons.
First one is culture-based discrimination in the male-dominated society. Second
one is women less benefit from educational opportunities. Actually we cannot
talk about it big city like İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir etc. We can say east of the
Turkey such as eastern anatolia region and southeastern anatolia region.
Because Turkey is mosaic if you start Edirne and go to Hakkari you can see big
difference and people behavior. Recently years various campaigns have started
for promote education and consciousness-raising for uneducated family. Third
one is Physiological differences in men as of women. Forth and last one is
causes of defects and errors, such as legal regulations.
Women's
participation is working life, education, work experience, a desire to succeed,
perseverance, etc. assess by looking at issues in society, as individuals, are
useful in the event of the independent status of the family. Discrimination
against is women in a male-dominated social structure as a dominant ideology.
Women are stacked in some sectors. There are a lot of women in the service
sector or industry sector, textile; food is more than female employees as well
as some branches. A similar agglomeration in the workplace has been the same. Next
sections are the concentration of women in jobs that require less skill
routine, repetitive, and provide at least a minimum of satisfaction that work
is used in the initiative. Women workers
are more vulnerable than men in advancement and career opportunities.
Decision-makers,
managers, regulators and doing jobs that require a lot of responsibility,
implementing decisions, managed, fulfilling orders and tasks of position. Even
if women are concentrated in professions men occupy government positions. Women's
labor force participation is an important index when you consider sustainable
development although it is labor force participation rate is low, show a
decline over the years. In spite of the egalitarian laws, women's qualitative
development and the mechanisms needed to enter the labor market is one of the
main reasons for this decline in Turkey as well as one of the main problems of
women's employment remains.[2]
The labor force
participation rate of women in 1990 is around 34.1% to in 2002 it is 26.9% in
2004 percent is 25.4 and for the year 2010 was determined as 27.6%. According
to 2010 figures, according to the city (23.7%) in rural areas, more women
participate in the labor force (36.3%) may seem like the countryside 84 %
of 100 women in the agricultural sector and 79% of them they are working as
unpaid family workers without any charge.[3] In
addition, intense rural-urban migration in Turkey living in the village to the
city when it comes to women in the labor force in the professional
knowledge-skills due to lack of adequate training and the labor market.
Workforce is often a housewife. 100 women participating in the labor force 61.5
to participate in the labor force as the cause of "housewife" shows
them.[4]
This phenomenon reduces the labor force participation of women in both rural
and urban. Women who have to work due to lack of income, social security,
low-status-income jobs have to work.
For the development of gender equality in the
workplace for women and men the same provide career opportunities, improvement
of working conditions, equal provide equal pay for work of equal conditions in
social security and social gender discrimination should be avoided.
Gender equality
and enables companies are increase to the rate of profit and performances. It
has been taken into consideration the needs of shares employees (male or
female) are more efficient and more productive work. Some of the industries and
occupations in the arrest of a more balanced male-female ratio are observed
created a better working environment.
In Turkey has 21
million labor force and these 9 million are women. [5] Women
do not have equal status of women and men in the labor market or reinforcing
stereotypes that men tend to ignore the real capabilities. This situation is
not desirable for the development of gender equality.
Why should women managers?
Women are
struggling for a job and they are more careful than men.
Women are capable of better training of the necessary personnel. Women are advanced didactic aspect.
Women are more comfortable in new situations and keep up with the changes
Women are enthusiasm and encouragement their employee to their job.
Women are more open to new ideas. In addition, the success of women in business opens success to creativity.
Women in business successfully use observation skills.
Women's success in communicating with employees have a positive impact is a better manager.
Woman's success in problem solving, as an administrator makes men more successful.
As well as private lives of women are in business with a clear strategy.
Women are better than men at work can be playful and fun.
Women are capable of better training of the necessary personnel. Women are advanced didactic aspect.
Women are more comfortable in new situations and keep up with the changes
Women are enthusiasm and encouragement their employee to their job.
Women are more open to new ideas. In addition, the success of women in business opens success to creativity.
Women in business successfully use observation skills.
Women's success in communicating with employees have a positive impact is a better manager.
Woman's success in problem solving, as an administrator makes men more successful.
As well as private lives of women are in business with a clear strategy.
Women are better than men at work can be playful and fun.
The secret to
success is the right career path and manage a very detailed way. Connect the
network correctly. Women learn a lot from this point early. Women, data
connections are emotional. Men will contribute to the success of their own
people, adding to the list. Find the right mind will support you in your career
professors. Undertake work that is right for you. Last but definitely
home-family life, your children properly manage.
We know the
differences give rise to well-managed better business results. Female members
of the management boards of companies creating successful diversity, more
independent, more innovative, more and more high-performance enterprise's feels
at home. It was said by a Compabiano who is Catalyst's President of information
and which is an organization that focuses on the advancement of women in
business. 500 world's largest companies only 15 of them have a female CEO. 485
big companies have male administration. So women CEOs rate of 3 per cent over
the world when we returned to Turkey, this rate is much lower. There is a
comprehensive research, but experts say that the level of 1 to 1.5 percent of
women CEOs.
However, this table "top management" as a broader framework for the analysis in favor of Turkey's going on. It is estimated that more striking figures.[6]
However, this table "top management" as a broader framework for the analysis in favor of Turkey's going on. It is estimated that more striking figures.[6]
World Economic
Forum's "Corporate Gender Gate" (Business World Global Gender
Inequality) According to the report, Turkey proportion of women in top management
ranks second after Finland's level and in Turkey percent of 12 %. In Finland is
13 %. The ratio of female senior managers in companies is higher than holdings.
More pronounced dominance of female managers in corporate and global companies
in particular. Rate of senior women managers, Turkey is gaining intensity in
the range of 15-30 %. Number of women managers in Turkey increased by 6 percent
last year, accounting for 31 percent of the managers formed part of the women.
Turkey is compared to the European Union (EU) countries also worse. At the
level of the EU's 24 percent female managers.[7]
The World Bank
(WB) is an international website; "more women in the Turkish
establishments" published an article titled. 12 percent of all CEOs in
Turkey, one-fourth of the total workforce are women, only the article,
"Turkey is the 16th largest economy in the world, but only a quarter of
women working outside the home," the statement said. Only 24 % are of
Turkish women working. This low rate of Turkish society, the economy is
affecting everything from family life. Turkey is the world's 16th largest
economy only one-quarter of women working outside the home. The majority of
these also have low-paid jobs such as farm work and textiles. Culture of
poverty due to the low rate of life until the Turks, but also affect the life.[8]
Turkey is close
to closing the gap between boys and girls in primary education, higher levels
of education also increased the possibility of working women, indicating
continued: "The numbers support this. Primary education, 70 percent of the
men and women in the labor force is only 22 percent. The figure rises to 71 per
cent of university-educated women dramatically. However, the family and the
culture face stiff resistance. Accessible child care (nursery, etc.) and the
absence of family support, many women remain outside the labor force.
Immediately after the occurrence of high employment rates for women in the
university get married and have a child after the fall.[9]
India, Germany
and Japan, the employment of women managers in countries that share the last
three places. There is big difference between Japan and other Far East
countries. With 39 per cent in some Far Eastern countries such as Thailand and
the Philippines ranks in the top of the list, while almost no women in
management does not want Japan to 5 percent. According to the ruling rate of
women managers in Japan, 2011 shows a decrease of 3 percentage points.[10]
Women in Turkey
are part of most financial management, sales, human resources and marketing
Managers take part in missions. Companies participating in the survey in
Turkey, with more than 34 per cent of female executives finance departments are
working titles, such as chief executive or finance director. Then the director
of sales units with 21 percent, 16 percent and 14 percent with the human
resources department and the marketing department are manager. 9 per cent of
those who served as Chairman of the Board of Directors.
Women can do
because when you look history we could see the difficulties for every women all
the country. Some of them they could get their promotion, some of them they
could not get same salary with men and some of them were fired from job and it
was only reason they are women. People cannot choose their gender so when you
do something you should judge people their ability, access and own capacity.
Gender cannot be problem and we cannot say anything against it. See the
positive way that in Turkey and all over the world successful business women
and their achievement.
[2] Aklar N. Women and Work Life for Women in the Public Sector in
Turkey
Discrimination. Friedrich-Naumann
Foundation and the Association for Liberal Thinking Publication, Ankara, 1996:
17-32.
[3] Kocacık F, Gökkaya V. Problems of Working Women in Turkey. CU
Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences. 2005, 6: 1-195
[9] ILO (International Labour Office) (1991), The Dilemma of the
Informal Sector, Report to the 78th Sessi-
on of the International Labour
Conference, Geneva
[10] Onaran,
., (2000),
"Labour Market Flexibility During Structural Adjustment in Turkey",
Üstanbul Techni-
cal University, Faculty of
Management, Discussion Papers in Management Engineering: 00/1
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